IRB Profiles

Breckenridge, Adriene

Academic Advisor and Campus Minister - 2024 Inductee

When Adriene Breckenridge walked into her retirement party in January 2024, she was surprised to see a row of faces from her past: former students she’d worked with closely during her 28 years as an academic advisor and campus minister at Johns Hopkins University.

The JHU alumni bestowed Breckenridge with testimonials on how she’d affected their lives and careers, with two of them performing the Gospel song “You Are My Hero.”

“I was crying the whole time,” Breckenridge says.

Breckenridge first joined Johns Hopkins in 1995 after finishing seminary school. Her role was one the Black Student Union had explicitly urged for a few years earlier, seeking an academic advisor on staff who could relate to them. “It’s very typical for Black students to feel like they have nowhere to go in that environment, and I could provide a home,” says Breckenridge, who’s often called “Ms. B” or “Rev. B.”

In this role, Breckenridge would meet with dozens—during some semesters, up to 150—freshmen each semester, coaching them on their academic success and future career paths.

Becoming aware of a glaring deficit in the health fields, Breckenridge helped launch the Minority Pre-Health Conference at Johns Hopkins in 1999. For 11 years, the event—considered a precursor to JUMP—offered workshops and networking opportunities for students underrepresented in jobs in health and medicine. At the peak more than 150 students were participating, and 55 schools with health programs.

In the conference’s later years, Breckenridge would sometimes see students who’d once attended come back as physicians, nurses, or dentists ready to mentor. “That was the coolest thing ever,” she says.

Breckenridge was also a lifetime member of the Black Faculty and Staff Association at Hopkins, participating since its 1995 inception. She held various leadership roles in the group, including Homewood caucus rep, secretary of the executive board, chair of professional development, and parliamentarian.

Along with her academic support Breckenridge provided a spiritual home base for Hopkins students who sought it. She served as an advisor to the JHU Gospel Choir and launched a Bible study group that eventually formalized as the Beloved College Community Fellowship, holding worship services in Shaffer Hall every Sunday. The effort lasted from the late 1990s until the COVID-19 pandemic. “We’d always do a big dinner Easter Sunday,” Breckenridge says.

Born and raised in Washington, Breckenridge earned her bachelor’s in psychology at the University of Washington, then her master’s of divinity from Howard University. She earned her master’s in clinical counseling at Johns Hopkins while working there, as well as a certificate in human-centered life design, among others. At Hopkins, she also served on the board of the chaplain and as an advisor to the JHU Gospel Choir.

Breckenridge says she didn’t realize the dent she’d made at Johns Hopkins until she retired, when so many people from the past emerged to thank her. “I was thrilled at this point of my career to see this,” she says. “I feel like my work was not in vain.”

Brown, Kenneth

Mentor and Physician - 2024 Inductee

In 1966, Kenneth Brown was the starting defensive lineman at Johns Hopkins University, a young man from New York on his path to study medicine. He was also one of only a few Black students at the university at the time, and his attempt to get a haircut inadvertently sparked a social justice movement.

When Brown approached a barbershop in The Marylander building, the manager refused him service and used a racial slur. Inflamed by the incident, a group of about 75 Hopkins students congregated under Brown’s lead. They delivered an ultimatum to the shop: Start serving Black clients, or face picketing and boycotting of the business.

The pressure led to change, with the barbershop ultimately welcoming the Black students and residents of Charles Village and hiring a Black barber. Brown’s experience is considered a precursor to the founding of the Black Student Union on the Hopkins campus three years later.

“In those days there were essentially no African American faculty members at Hopkins, and Black students like me looked up to those ahead of us to lead the way,” said one friend, Robert Hyde III, at Brown’s 2022 memorial service. “Ken was easy to like and admire.”

Born in Jamaica, Queens, in 1949, Brown aspired to become a physician from an early age. After graduating from Johns Hopkins in 1970, he studied medicine at Tufts University, where he was an organizer and president of the Student National Medical Association, a support group for underrepresented medical school students.

In his adult life, Brown settled in Washington, D.C., where he became the first Black gastroenterologist at the Washington Hospital Center, then chief of gastroenterology at Providence Hospital. He also set up his own private practice in 1981, and in the 2000s established the independent surgery center Capital Endoscopy, now operated by MedStar Health.

“There was no doubt that his compassion for the health needs of citizens of the District was not only passionate but informed,” recalled mentor and friend Vivian Pinn at Brown’s memorial. “All you had to do was to bring up the topic of declining medical facilities in some quarters of the District to receive … a very intense and most concerned discourse on the politics, disparities, and needs of those communities.”

Brown married Terese Thomas Brown, also a physician, in 1985, and together they raised three daughters.

Family and friends remember Brown as an adventurous world traveler, amateur historian, masterful chef, engaged activist, and devoted husband, father, and grandfather. At his memorial service, several peers from Brown’s time at Johns Hopkins showed up, recalling his strength as a student and an athlete (he played basketball and lacrosse in addition to football) as well as his humor and steady friendship.

Following her husband’s death, Terese took over his former vehicle. “I’d never noticed before,” she says, “but I realized he still had the Hopkins Blue Jay sticker on his plates.”

Lunn, Tameika

District Court J - 2024 Inductee

When Tameika Lunn graduated with dual degrees from Johns Hopkins University and the Peabody Conservatory of Music in 1999, her family’s story was featured in The Baltimore Sun. Born to teenage parents in East Baltimore who struggled to make ends meet, Lunn had defied all odds to earn her two degrees.

Now facing a crossroads between music and law, Lunn chose the latter, leading to a career dedicated to serving her home city of Baltimore. In 2022, then-Governor Larry Hogan appointed Lunn as an associate judge in the District Court of Baltimore City. She now serves as the presiding Judge of the Baltimore City Adult Recovery Court in the District Court (ARC).

Initially, Lunn was concerned about the emotional toll of serving in the ARC, which provides drug and alcohol treatment, mental health services, and other resources to residents charged with misdemeanor crimes. “I thought it might hit too close to home,” says Lunn, who lost her brother, David Lunn Jr., to a fentanyl overdose in 2019 and whose father, David Lunn Sr., is a 30-year recovering addict.

But over a year into the job, Lunn says she “has not regretted a single day”—and has found that her personal experience only benefits her work. “I realized the recovery court needed a judge with a true understanding of addiction,” she says. “Not only someone who could be firm … but also someone who, in their heart of hearts, understands how addiction affects people and their families.”

Lunn emphasizes that addiction “has no face, does not discriminate and can happen to anyone.” Her brother David was a Division I college athlete who graduated and traveled overseas playing professional basketball.

“I tell my clients … I know this is hard, I know this is scary, but come in and be honest and we’ll get through it,” she says. “I share my story, and it helps.”

Growing up in Baltimore, Lunn attended Harford Heights Gifted and Talented Education Center and the Bryn Mawr School for Girls, which nurtured her talents in singing and classical music. Performing in the city, she found a mentor in Judge Bonita Dancy of the Circuit Court of Baltimore City, who introduced Lunn to “a circle of powerful Black women judges and lawyers who really impressed me,” she says.

As a student at Johns Hopkins, Lunn enjoyed “literally the best of both worlds,” pursuing a degree in voice performance with an opera certificate at Peabody while earning a history degree on the Homewood campus. She next studied law at George Washington University, where she served as a student attorney for domestic violence victims and participated in the Black Law Students Association.

Lunn completed her judicial clerkship with Judge Dancy before working as a civil and insurance defense attorney for firms in D.C. and Baltimore. In 2011, she was appointed as an administrative law judge in the Maryland Office of Administrative Hearings.

Though she set her stakes in a legal career, Lunn, a mother of three, also remains passionate about music. “I wake up to music and go to sleep to music,” she says. “And my kids are very musical, so I get to experience it through them.”

Norton, Anita

Collaborator and Advocate - 2024 Inductee

For Anita Norton, becoming an honoree in The Indispensable Role of Blacks exhibit at Johns Hopkins is a full-circle moment: The project is one she helped shape more than a decade ago, as part of her advocacy with the Black Faculty and Staff Association (BFSA).

“I’m humbled by it,” says Norton, who retired in 2023 as director of the Online Services Program in the Sheridan Libraries’ Entrepreneurial Library Program. “It’s a distinguished award, and I recognize the caliber of people honored.”

When Norton first joined Johns Hopkins in 2005 as a distance learning librarian, she noticed a scarcity of Black employees in professional roles. She found her way to the BFSA, becoming a core part of what she describes as “a small, lively group of movers and shakers who had an interest in ensuring the campus was equitable for all, and who were willing to stick their necks out.”

Over time Norton took on a variety of leadership roles within the BFSA, including Homewood caucus representative, recording secretary, and parliamentarian. In her early years she steered the group’s African American Book Festival and collaborated on many other events.

With colleague Sharon Morris, Norton helped organize a traveling exhibit called The History of African Americans at Johns Hopkins, acknowledging Black trailblazers of the university’s past and present. “The idea came about because the BFSA saw that when people came to Johns Hopkins campuses and looked at photos or portraits on the wall, almost none displayed African Americans,” Norton says.

Eventually, Norton and Morris saw a need to increase the exhibit’s visibility and scope, re-envisioning it as The Indispensable Role of Blacks. The project debuted in 2012 as both a free-standing and online exhibit, honoring notable Black alumni, faculty, staff, and students from Hopkins.

Growing up in Queens, New York, Norton had witnessed the effects of discrimination from an early age. When her father opened a business in a majority-white part of Long Island, its entrance was splattered with the letters KKK. “I saw the impact of lack of tolerance,” she says. “So, I’ve always wanted to do things that would break down barriers and promote greater tolerance of our differences.”

Norton attended Morgan State University, then earned her master’s in library and information science at the University of Pittsburgh. She worked in library services for Baltimore City Schools and at Harford Community College before joining Johns Hopkins, where she worked for 18 years.

In 2010, Norton became manager of the Entrepreneurial Online Library Program, overseeing an external library whose long-term contract generated revenue for the Sheridan Libraries. “I encountered educators and students from many cultures, and it was important that my staff maintained a high level of tolerance and excellence,” says Norton, who relied on her innate enthusiasm and collaborative skills.

In this role, she established the Exploring Series, a set of workshops for librarians diving into trends in the field. She also took part in the Diversity Committee at the Sheridan Libraries, and in 2018 co-curated the exhibit Freedom Papers: Black Assertions from the Archives.

In June 2024, Norton takes her place among the honorees she has celebrated through The Indispensable Role of Blacks, a group now numbering over 90.

“It feels wonderful to receive my roses,” she says.

Addison, Betty

Innovative public-health careers coach

During her forty-two-year career at the School of Hygiene and Public Health (now the Bloomberg School of Public Health), Betty Hall Addison had a knack for recognizing and filling voids no one else noticed. Starting in 1978 as administrative aide to the dean of students, Addison says she arrived “with a business degree and good office skills.” As she dealt with numerous nonacademic issues and listened to students’ personal concerns, she quickly realized that many matters, particularly job counseling for students and recent graduates, were not being addressed.

To fill the vacuum, Addison began to mentor students as they prepared resumes and coach them on interviewing skills. In 1984, she organized the school’s first job fair and invited twelve local agencies and firms to participate. With an ever increasing understanding of students’ needs, the following year Addison began an intense program to secure a master’s degree in counseling at the Johns Hopkins School of Education, then on the Homewood campus. She completed her degree in just eighteen months of night classes while still working full time, even serving briefly as acting dean of students. “I never said, ‘that’s not my job,’” Addison explained, “I just did it, whatever it was they asked me to do.”

Fortified with her new credentials, Addison pushed for and established new initiatives in the School of Public Health, including Offices of Student Services, Career Services, and Disability Support Services. Later, she became a Fulbright Scholar and spent two months in Germany studying the activities of school administrators at every educational level; she returned with new insights for the East Baltimore campus.

In 1994 Addison started the Diversity Summer Internship Program (with funds from the National Institutes of Health to provide participants’ wages) for top science students at Dunbar High School to work on research projects at the School of Public Health. Over the years the program evolved to include underrepresented college students and science teachers from all over the United States and now attracts more than six hundred applicants to fill up to twenty positions each summer.

Over her career, Betty Hall Addison worked tirelessly to teach career strategies to public-health students and graduates, suggesting innovative ways to design, plan, and implement job searches in a competitive market. Also involved in the wider Johns Hopkins community, Addison was a member of the Black Faculty and Staff Association since its inception and served as its president in 2004–5. Focusing on leadership skills and encouraging an environment that promotes success, she became a Certified Executive and Leadership Development Coach. Since retiring in 2019, she continues to work part-time through the Health Policy Research Scholars Program of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.

Adichie, Chimamanda Ngozi

Storyteller: Humanizing Stories for the World

“Literature,” says Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, “is the best way of humanizing people.” Considering a character’s motivation, she believes, “forces us to look beyond stereotype.” An internationally celebrated author, Adichie conducts workshops for young writers in her native Nigeria, where she emphasizes that “storytelling is rooted in our political, our social, our emotional realities,” and encourages participants to read carefully, write enthusiastically, and keep their day jobs.

Educated in both Nigeria and the United States, Adichie completed a master’s degree in the Writing Seminars at Johns Hopkins in 2003, followed by another in Africana Studies from Yale in 2008. That same year, she received a MacArthur Foundation “genius grant.” Her published work, which includes three novels, short stories poems, essays, and a play, has been translated into more than thirty languages. She has received many accolades, including the Commonwealth Writers’ Prize for Purple Hibiscus, the Orange Prize for Half of a Yellow Sun, and the National Book Critics Circle Award for Americanah. In 2016, Adichie returned to the Homewood campus to receive a Doctor of Humane Letters degree honoris causa from Johns Hopkins “for always striving to put a human face on life-changing events and class struggles, to force a greater understanding.” The American Academy of Arts and Sciences inducted Adichie into its 2017 cohort, one of the highest honors for intellectuals in the United States.

Critics praise Adichie’s imaginative writing, which is often based on fact. Her work is centered on Nigeria and Africa, “because it is what I know and it is where my heart is.” She sees writing as her vocation, something she “was born to do.” Adichie admits to being “an unrepentant eavesdropper and a collector of stories. I record bits of overheard dialogue. I ask questions. I watch the world.”

Adichie is in great demand as a speaker internationally, and has given two TED Talks viewed by millions. Recognizing that she now occupies a position of privilege, Adichie encourages her listeners to confront racism and find effective ways to negotiate sexism. ”My own definition of a feminist is a man or a woman who says, ‘Yes, there’s a problem with gender as it is today and we must fix it, we must do better.’ All of us, women and men, must do better.”

Arrindell, Nicholas

Champion of Change - Black Faculty and Staff Association Founder

The Black Faculty and Staff Association (BFSA) came together, as so many advocacy groups do, over lunch and a conversation. Lunch was at the Polo Grill, then a restaurant across from Homewood Field, and the people who had gathered to talk were black senior staff members concerned about the lack of support for people of color at Johns Hopkins. Toni Moore-Duggan, one of the participants, recalled how that lunch and subsequent discussions among the staff members led to their decision in 1995 to establish the BFSA. “After graduating from Johns Hopkins and while working there, it became evident that there was no voice or forum for black people having difficulties here,” said Moore-Duggan, a certified nurse practitioner who worked at the institution for years. At first, Moore-Duggan said, she and the other staff members were not sure if anyone would buy into efforts to create a forum for people of color, but they did. Seventeen years later, the group is not only going strong but has expanded its mission: to help foster a culture of collaboration by promoting and enhancing the identity and professional welfare and growth of faculty, staff and students through collaborations, community service, education, research and cultural activities. The BFSA has also charged itself with being a crucial resource for the continued success of Johns Hopkins through the development and cultivation of relationships with key leaders of the institution. Nicholas Arrindell has served as director of the Johns Hopkins University Office of International Student and Scholar Services since 1991. He holds a doctorate in comparative and international education from the University of Maryland, College Park. Arrindell led a university-wide task force to ensure Johns Hopkins’ compliance with Immigration and Naturalization Service regulations. As a member of the university’s Diversity Leadership Council, he created the video series Who Belongs in America. He also established the Mid-Atlantic Immigration Workshop and participated in the Fulbright International Education Administrators Program, in Germany

Baker, Bruce

Catalyst for campus change—Black Student Union Pioneer

Empowered and inspired by the civil rights movement, students John F. Guess and Bruce Baker presented 12 demands to Johns Hopkins University administration in 1967. They sought such changes as increased black student enrollment and black faculty recruitment, a library section for black authors, and Johns Hopkins-Morgan State mixers.

A year later, Guess, Baker and others established a Black Student Union at Johns Hopkins. Although similar groups had already formed at other university campuses, students at Johns Hopkins found their initial requests for official recognition rebuffed. The student council expressed concern that this student union would be seen as hostile and divisive. Continued and mounting pressure from Guess and Baker caused the student council to reconsider its decision and grant official status in 1969. Guess would later be elected the university’s first black student council president.

The Black Student Union remains an influential group at Johns Hopkins-promoting diversity, respect, and understanding. The group also hosts events and lectures, organizes community service projects and works to improve the climate for black students at Johns Hopkins.

Its founders continue to serve as prominent community leaders.

Baker served as the BSU’s first president. After earning undergraduate and graduate degrees from Johns Hopkins, Baker worked as an economist with the Department of Agriculture and completed a law degree at the University of Chicago. He started his legal practice in banking and finance as an in-house attorney with the largest bank in Chicago, moving on to become the first black equity partner at Winston and Strawn LLP and then the first black equity partner at Baker & Mckenzie LLP. He is now a partner at the law firm Hoogendoorn and Talbot LLP.

Bartlett, Ethan

Student-Athlete Leader

Basketball recruiters lured Ethan Bartlett to Johns Hopkins from White Plains, NY, in 2018, but it was the academic challenge and the opportunity to be a true student athlete that sealed the deal. “Blacks make up only about five percent of the student-athlete population at Hopkins,” he explained. “My coaches have been super supportive. They’ve been helpful in supporting me when I spoke up about things that I thought were important.”

In the summer of 2020, just after the murder of George Floyd, the Athletics Department held an online meeting where coaches and administrators invited Black student athletes to share how they were feeling. “People talked about microaggressions they’ve experienced in Hopkins institutions. We saw the need to create a space where people could speak to that aspect of their identities, things they might not have felt comfortable discussing with their teammates or coaches,” Bartlett said, describing some of the reasons he and his colleagues founded the Black Student-Athlete Association.

“Hopkins can be overwhelming,” he admits. “It can be difficult to figure out what fits your interests. The BSAA has helped, creating that pathway, getting people connected to resources and volunteering opportunities.” The group has formed a partnership to tutor high school students who fell behind during the pandemic. Leveraging their positions as student athletes allows members to make a strong impression. “We taught a virtual lesson to fifth graders about social justice and activism within sport. It was awesome. They were very engaged and had a bunch of amazing questions.” The organization has hosted both virtual and live “literacy events” where Hopkins professors discuss issues such as housing and homelessness, police violence, and education. A particular mentor for Bartlett, Professor Lawrence Jackson, led a session on the history of Baltimore and Johns Hopkins University’s place in that narrative.

Having a roommate (and teammate) from Baltimore for four years gave Bartlett an insider’s view of the city. “People have a lot of misconceptions about Baltimore. While there are areas that are unsafe, they aren’t an accurate representation of the entire city,” he explained. “Baltimore has so much to offer. There are vibrant, creative people here, people who are resilient.”

Bartlett majored in public health and minored in entrepreneurship and management, graduating in December 2021. “My interest is the intersection between gun violence and law enforcement,” he explained. A tragedy involving a family friend killed by police sparked Bartlett’s concern when the officers involved were not convicted. “I’ve watched this unfold for the greater part of my life. That’s been the inspiration for my academic path. I want to reform police systems, and qualified immunity. Its origins are tied to slavery. There are so many problems—you need to overhaul the entire system.” Bartlett realized he needed to sharpen his leadership skills so he enrolled in a course titled “Leading Teams.” At its conclusion, the professor offered him a teaching assistantship for the next term, a position he still holds as a graduate student.

The opportunity to pursue a master’s degree at the Bloomberg School of Public Health, home of the Johns Hopkins Center for Gun Violence Prevention and Policy—combined with the chance to continue playing basketball for Hopkins—provided obvious incentives to remain in Baltimore. “People are at different stages of their lives in graduate school,” Bartlett said. “Some are starting second careers; some are already working in the field and are getting their degrees while they work. You learn so much from their lived experiences.”

Bates, Ernest A.

Entrepreneurial Neurosurgeon Extraordinaire

In 1958, the year he received his bachelor’s degree from the Johns Hopkins University, Dr. Ernest Bates had no idea how strong – or how instrumental – his connection to his alma mater would be. Years after receiving his undergraduate degree, Bates, the first African-American to enter the Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, served on the Johns Hopkins University Board of Trustees, including as vice chair. Currently a trustee emeritus, Bates is a former chair of JHU’s annual fund, which honored him in with the Heritage Award in 2003. Indeed, the education Bates received at JHU helped catapult him to the upper echelon of both medicine and business. As a student at JHU, Bates was also the first African-American to play on the university’s football team, a trying time for the young man whose team endured discrimination at times, such as not being allowed to dine at certain places because of Bates’ race, while on the road for away games.

Following graduation from JHU, Bates, a native of Mount Pleasant, N.Y., went on to earn his medical degree from the University of Rochester School of Medicine in 1962. That same year, he completed a surgery internship at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx Municipal Hospital Center. He completed his neurosurgery residency at the University of California Medical Center, San Francisco (UCSF) in 1971 and was board certified in neurological surgery in 1973. In 1977, Bates founded American Shared Hospital Services, a publicly traded healthcare company that leases state-of-the-art medical equipment to hospitals in the United States and abroad. Bates is chairman and chief executive officer of the San Francisco-based company. In 2016, Bates endowed a professorship at UCSF’s School of Nursing.

Now semi-retired, Bates is a member of several professional medical societies. He has written chapters in the publication, Textbook on Experimental Brain Tumors and Black Related Diseases. He is an emeritus member of the University of Rochester’s Board of Trustees, a member of the Board of Overseers at UCSF School of Nursing, and a former member of the Board of Trustees at UCSF Foundation and the California Higher Education Business Forum. In 1997, Bates was appointed to the California High-Speed Rail Authority. He also served as a member of the Board of Governors of California Community Colleges, the District 4 Medical Quality Review Committee, and the Professional Advisory Committee at the University of California Medical Centers. Bates previously served on the California Commission for Jobs and Economic Growth and the Magistrate Judge Merit Selection Panel.

More information about Dr. Bates
Oral History Interview from 1999
Alumni News Article 2005 Leadership Weekend

Bates-Hopkins, Barbara

Connecting JHU with the community

Barbara Bates-Hopkins calls herself “the eyes and ears of the community.” As a senior community research coordinator in the Department of Environmental Health and Engineering at the Bloomberg School of Public Health who “grew up here, I can remind everyone”—nurses, doctors, scientists, students, residents of the neighborhood, and everyone she encounters—“that East Baltimore was once a much different place. There were lots of nice stores and plenty to do. Kids respected their elders. There was diversity and a different spirit to the place. I particularly like to share that with the students so they know the history.” With funding support from the Institute for Clinical and Translational Research and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Johns Hopkins School of Medicine as well as the Department of Epidemiology at the School of Public Health, she surely connects the medical entities of Johns Hopkins.

As a lifelong resident of East Baltimore, Bates-Hopkins recognizes there is a lingering love/hate relationship between Johns Hopkins and its neighbors. “My job is to serve both the university and the people who live nearby or who have been uprooted by redevelopment,” she explains. Applying the solid case-management experience she has accumulated during her career, she motivates, guides, and supports those faced with the decisions and challenges of relocating. She also maintains strong ties with area leaders by serving on various community and health-related advisory boards, councils, and committees.
Maintaining a genuine rapport among various generations and between academics and community residents, Bates-Hopkins sees herself as a matchmaker, knowing what clinical research is under way at the university and suggesting how East Baltimoreans might both develop trust and benefit from participating. She makes no false promises. If she does not know the answer, she finds someone who does. “I try always to listen, be open, honest, and share information. I always ask, how can I help?”
Launched in 2006, the award-winning Day in the Market program is one of Bates-Hopkins most successful outreach initiatives. Together with medical colleagues from dozens of disciplines, four times a month she sets up booths at Northeast or Lexington Markets to educate the public with tips on safety, wellness, cancer screening, nutrition, disaster preparedness, and many other subjects. “Both sides learn from each other,” Bates-Hopkins reports. “The doctors particularly like being able to take more time with their contacts.”

“Ms. Bates-Hopkins supports numerous community partners by identifying volunteers, being an important node in the city’s community networks, and contributing to the conversation,” affirms Bloomberg School of Public Health Professor Norma Kanarek. “She is at the table during planning and execution of events throughout the year and across the city. Her indispensability is well recognized.” Planning, coordinating, developing, marketing, and promoting special urban environmental health projects remain Barbara Bates-Hopkins passion. And, she stresses, “it’s a blessing to work with colleagues who trust and give me the leverage to meet my objectives.”

Benjamin, Ivor

Caring for the future

When Dr. Ivor Benjamin assumed the helm of the American Heart Association in July 2018, he talked about food and housing insecurity, and advocated for affordable, quality health care for everyone, as well as increased funding for the AHA’s primary concerns, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and brain health. “We can make a difference—in large and small ways—when we prioritize caring for the future,” he said.

Benjamin was one of only three black students when he arrived at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in 1978. He was “held spellbound” by cardiac surgeon Levi Watkins, who had recruited Benjamin (who also accompanied Watkins on later admissions tours) from Hunter College in New York City. “Levi had convinced the powers that be that the more diversified Hopkins was, the more successful the institution would be. He persuaded the admissions committee to welcome minorities as students” and the administration to increase minority representation on the medical faculty. “Levi was a real pioneer for medical and social justice.”

“Once you get to Johns Hopkins, you get swept up—it’s a humbling experience,” Benjamin remembered. “You know you’re not in a museum but the iconic images are everywhere. It’s a wonderful environment with a very high importance placed on both the science and the art of medicine. The commitment to excellence crystalized in me and gave me a competitive advantage—I began to think of myself as a future faculty member.” As a student, Benjamin worked in the laboratory of future National Institutes of Health Director Bernadine Healy and, under her tutelage, published his first paper in a medical journal. That effort solidified his interest in research and ongoing scholarship.

A native of Guyana, Ivor Benjamin emigrated from South America to the United States with his family after completing high school. After college and medical school, he assumed prominent roles at university medical programs across the nation and now serves as director of the Cardiovascular Center at Medical College of Wisconsin and, co-director of the NHLBI T32 Training Program in Signature Transdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences.

Decades ago, Dr. Benjamin became involved with the American Heart Association. From joining committees to editing journals, he has risen through the ranks to the organization’s top volunteer position. The recipient of generous mentoring throughout his life, Ivor Benjamin recognizes the importance of supporting and encouraging young investigators. He emphasized the issue in his presidential address, urging his AHA audience to “volunteer to speak to a STEM class at a predominantly minority high school or rural high school. When you meet students considering a career in science or medicine, invite them to shadow you for a day.” Dr. Benjamin also proved an influential role model at home. His three children have followed him into medical-related fields, including his daughter Charis, who is a 2019 graduate of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Caring for the future indeed.

Black Students at Shriver Hall 1970

The collective experience of a community: a turning point for JHU. A Great Day at Hopkins

In the Media

Relatively few black students attended Johns Hopkins until the late 1960s, when a concerted effort by the university increased their presence. Leslie King-Hammond, then a graduate student with a fellowship in art history, noted that “We came from all over the United States. We were not a shy group; we were highly politically aware.” In 1967, freshman John Guess and sophomore Bruce Baker led the push for the formation of the Black Student Union. The following year, the student body elected Guess president of the student council. Guess realized “Hopkins considered its undergraduates to be junior scholars. I understood we create our own opportunity.”

By 1970, a significant cohort was making its presence known in virtually every area of the Homewood campus and beyond. “We had a very strong network; we were always in touch with one another, both undergraduates and graduate students,” King-Hammond recalled. “Our habit was to gather after classes in Levering Hall to eat and talk,” Michael Smith (front row, second from left) remembered. “One day, word went out that we should all head over to Shriver Hall for a picture.” Ron Owens, assistant director of admissions, had enlisted sophomore Thomas Anderson to capture an image of some of the dynamic band of black students on campus that autumn. Owens (the only person in the photo wearing a tie) developed a multiyear campaign around this photograph to recruit more students. (He also engaged Michael Smith, Leslie King-Hammond, and others to travel to historically black colleges and universities in the South to entice promising candidates to come to Johns Hopkins for graduate school.)
Now a powerful record of a turning point in Hopkins history, John Guess (front row, holding a Black Panther newspaper) explained that “this iconic photo is us. It represents the collective experience of a community. It is so important to see us together as a group.” King-Hammond (behind Guess, wearing sunglasses) admitted that the university “was riddled with stereotypes and people who thought we would underachieve. Hopkins was competitive and demanding and we were frustrated by the relentlessness of the racism and sexism on campus.” Still, they did “create our own opportunities,” Thomas Anderson (front row, far left) acknowledged. He believes his time at Hopkins “prepared me as no other school would have then. The university gave me major support, understanding, and structure; what I learned there allowed me to exceed my goals in life.”

In 1993, the photograph became the centerpiece of a gathering of alumni, many of whom appear in the picture. Joined by staffers and friends, they came from as far away as California to reminisce and update each other on their lives and careers. The reunion was such a success that the group decided to gather annually and expand their ranks to include earlier and later alumni as well as current students. They dubbed themselves the Fred Scott Brigade to honor the first African American to earn a bachelor’s degree from Hopkins. “We never lost sight of each other,” John Guess explained. “We pay our own way to get together every year on the last weekend in September. More than a hundred people from many generations are members of the Fred Scott Brigade now, coming together to celebrate being black alumni from Johns Hopkins.”

Click here or the In the Media button above to see the names of the students on campus in 1970.

Boggs, Paula E.

Cross-country legal leader

Everyone is good at something, but Paula Boggs is one of those people whose interests and abilities seem boundless. She describes herself as a curious person. Perhaps it is that curiosity that landed her jobs in such diverse industries as the military, technology and food services. Or maybe it is her openness to adventure that led her to train as a paratrooper and perform with a band. Her debut CD, A Buddha State of Mind, was released in 2010.

After graduation from Johns Hopkins in 1981, with a bachelor’s degree in international studies, Boggs enrolled at the University of California at Berkeley School of Law. While at Johns Hopkins, she co-founded the women’s cross-country and track and field teams. In doing so, she became the first black person to co-establish an NCAA competition sport at the university.

Boggs recently retired as executive vice president, general counsel and secretary of Starbucks to work on President Barack Obama’s re-election campaign. Under her direction at Starbucks, the company’s legal team played a role in all aspects of the coffee giant’s expansion in the early 2000s. At the time of her retirement, she was involved in the restructuring of the company.

Her path from law school to Starbucks reflects her diverse interests. She began as a U.S. Army officer assigned to the Pentagon before taking a position as a staff attorney position for the White House Iran-Contra Legal Task Force and as an assistant United States attorney.

In 1994, she was tapped to serve a one-year term as staff director for the advisory board on the investigative capability of the Department of Defense (created by the secretary of defense in response to the Tailhook scandal). In 2010, President Obama named Boggs to the White House Council for Community Solutions.

Between government service and Starbucks, Boggs became a partner in the prestigious Preston Gates & Ellis law firm and vice president of legal affairs for Dell.

Boggs is known as much for her community service as her legal prowess. While at Starbucks, she led the legal team in a pro-bono housing justice project for people who had been evicted from their homes, and she worked with company attorneys to draft wills for police, firefighters, and emergency medical technicians. Boggs is a member of the boards of directors of Johns Hopkins University, School of Rock, LLC and the American National Red Cross. She is also on the advisory board of listener-supported radio station KEXP in Seattle. For her many achievements, Johns Hopkins University honored her with a Distinguished Alumnus Award in 2009.

Bowie, Janice

Public-health role model: creating pathways and opportunities

When Janice Bowie entered the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health as a 38-year-old doctoral candidate, she found a scarcity of role models who looked like her. This was a new challenge for a woman who came with confidence developed during her education at Shaw University in Raleigh, North Carolina, an HBCU (Historically Black Colleges and Universities), and later, while earning a master’s degree in public health at nearby University of North Carolina–Chapel Hill. She also brought fifteen years’ experience working for the Virginia Department of Health, including serving as director of its Division of Chronic Disease as well as establishing the department’s first Office of Minority Health. Her time working with public-health professionals in Richmond was enlightening: Bowie realized that without a doctoral degree, she “did not have a voice at the table.” She came to Hopkins in 1991, determined to train and amplify her voice, but discovered “few black faculty and students then.”

“Attending an HBCU provided me, a young African American, the opportunity to build self-esteem and gain an understanding of society’s expectations as well as an appreciation of what society offers,” Bowie explained. She believes HBCUs still afford African-American undergraduates “a place to be grounded in how society will treat them, and instill self-confidence to navigate work and adult institutions.” Bowie clearly grasped how to navigate the Bloomberg School of Public Health; upon receiving her doctorate in 1997 she was named an assistant professor on the faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences in the Department of Health Policy and Management (now known as the Department of Health, Behavior and Society).

In addition to conducting and publishing research, Bowie says she now applies “knowledge from the academy to train others on the front lines of public health to achieve competence with methods, theories, and management techniques.” Her community-oriented research concentrates on advancing “participatory strategies and methodologies in addressing public-health issues and eliminating health disparities in minority and underserved communities.” In 2019, Bowie became the director of the Bloomberg School’s flexible, part-time Doctor of Public Health Program, designed for early- to mid-career public-health professionals.

Bowie strives to be the role model that was missing when she arrived at Johns Hopkins. “You get to be your best self in academia; I had the good fortune to work with bright and talented people” at the Bloomberg School, she observes, expressing gratitude “for those who came before.” Even now, she stays in touch with many of her former students and continues to mentor them because she “wants them to do better and more” than she has. She admits she has “pushed others forward onto the tenure track” to encourage younger, particularly minority, colleagues to “achieve success in the academy.” Creating pathways and opportunities has been her focus: “We won’t need diversity if we have equality,” she says. “Diversity becomes a non-issue.”

Boyd, Gwendolyn E.

Engineer for diversity

As the first black person to earn a master’s degree in mechanical engineering from Yale University, Gwen Boyd is determined to encourage greater diversity in the field.

Boyd joined the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory as a team engineer in 1980, served as assistant for development programs (coordinating all external programs including research at other universities) and is now executive assistant to the APL chief of staff.

Boyd helped establish the APL Technology Leadership Scholars Program, as well as the ATLAS Summer Internship Program for Historically Black Colleges and Universities, Hispanic-Serving Institutions and Minority Institutions. She was named chair of the Johns Hopkins Institutions Diversity Leadership Council, and in 2010 President Obama appointed her to the board of the Barry Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence in Education Foundation.